OUR GP — Dundee · Mental HealthAnxiety and Depression:Help & TreatmentStruggling with worry, low mood or panic? Get clear, NICE-based advice on anxiety and depression — symptoms, self-help and treatment — and confidential support from a GP when you need it.Book a GP appointment+44 7857 761328ConfidentialNICE-based careSame-day GPTalking therapy referralJump to a sectionNeed help now?Symptoms of anxiety & depressionWhen to see a GPSelf-help that worksTreatment optionsAntidepressants explainedFAQsConfidential consultationsSame-day GP appointmentsCare based on NICE guidanceReferral to talking therapiesUrgent helpSymptomsWhen to see a GPSelf-helpTreatmentMedicationFAQsNeed help now?If you feel you might act on thoughts of suicide or self-harm, get help straight away — you don’t need to wait for an appointment.EmergencyIn immediate danger, or have harmed yourself999NHS 24Mental health option · 24/7111SamaritansFree to call · 24/7116 123ShoutText SHOUT · 24/785258Breathing SpaceEvenings · 24h at weekends0800 83 85 87Recognising the signsSymptoms of Anxiety and DepressionAnxiety and depression are common, treatable conditions — and they often happen together.Everyone feels worried or low sometimes. But when anxiety and depression last for weeks, feel hard to control and start to affect your sleep, work or relationships, it’s time to get help. Generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) affects around 4 to 8% of people seen in general practice, yet fewer than half seek treatment.Anxiety: how it feelsExcessive worry about everyday things that’s hard to control, feeling restless or on edge, irritability, poor concentration and a sense of dread.Anxiety: physical signsMuscle tension, tiredness, trouble sleeping, a racing heart, sweating or feeling sick. Some people have sudden panic attacks.Depression: core signsPersistent low mood and losing interest or enjoyment in things you used to like — most of the day, nearly every day.Depression: other signsPoor sleep or sleeping too much, changes in appetite or weight, low energy, feeling worthless or guilty, slowed thinking or agitation.Anxiety (GAD)DepressionMain feelingWorry, fear, feeling on edgeLow mood, emptiness, loss of interestHow longMost days for at least 6 monthsMost of the day, nearly every day, for at least 2 weeksBodyTension, restlessness, racing heart, poor sleepFatigue, sleep and appetite changes, slowed downThinkingExpecting the worst, can’t switch offNegative thoughts, guilt, poor concentrationGP questionnaireGAD-7PHQ-94–8%have GADAnxiety and depression are among the most common reasons people see a GP. You’re not alone.Book an appointment →Call to discussCommon signs to look out forConstant worry you can’t switch offLow mood most daysLosing interest in things you enjoyPoor sleep or exhaustionAvoiding people or situationsUsing alcohol to copeGetting helpWhen to See a GP About Anxiety or DepressionTalking to a GP is the first step to feeling better.Book an appointment if your symptoms have lasted more than 2 weeks, keep coming back, or are making everyday life hard. You can also see a GP if you are worried about a family member. Here’s what to expect when you speak to us.1We listenYour GP will ask how you’ve been feeling, how long it has been going on, and how it affects your sleep, work and relationships. Everything you share is confidential.2Short questionnairesYou may fill in the GAD-7 (anxiety) or PHQ-9 (depression) questionnaires. These help measure how severe things are and track your progress.3Rule out physical causesSome physical problems can cause similar symptoms, so your GP may suggest blood tests, such as thyroid function, full blood count and vitamin B12.4Agree a plan togetherDepending on your symptoms and wishes, this may include self-help, a talking therapy, medication, or a combination.5Regular reviewsWe arrange follow-up to check how you’re doing, adjust treatment if needed and help prevent relapse.2 weeksor moreIf low mood or worry has lasted 2 weeks or more, book a confidential GP appointment.Book an appointment →Call to discussSee a GP if you noticeSymptoms lasting more than 2 weeksStruggling to work or look after yourselfPanic attacksDrinking more to copeThoughts of self-harm (seek urgent help)What you can doSelf-Help for Anxiety and DepressionSmall, regular steps can make a real difference to anxiety and low mood.Self-help works best alongside support from a GP or therapist, and it can help with mild to moderate symptoms. Try one or two of these to start with, and build up gradually.Improve your sleepGo to bed and get up at the same times each day, and get out of bed if you can’t sleep. Read our insomnia and sleep guide.Stay activeRegular exercise improves anxiety and mood. Group exercise is one of the recommended treatments for less severe depression.Cut caffeine and alcoholAvoid caffeine after 3pm and alcohol in the evening. Alcohol may feel like it helps, but it makes anxiety and low mood worse.Try CBT-based self-helpGuided self-help books and online courses based on cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) teach skills to manage worry and low mood.Free self-referral in Scotland: if you are 16 or over, Living Life offers free phone-based CBT support from NHS 24. Call 0800 328 9655 (Monday to Friday, 9am to 9pm).Herbal and over-the-counter remediesProducts such as St John’s wort can interact with other medicines, and there is little evidence that they are safe or effective. Check with a GP or pharmacist first.Step 1self-helpMany people improve with self-help and support. If you don’t, there are effective treatments.Book an appointment →Call to discussDaily habits that helpKeep a regular sleep routineGet outside and move every dayStay in touch with peoplePlan small, enjoyable activitiesWrite worries down at a set timeLimit alcohol and caffeineTreatment optionsTreatment for Anxiety and DepressionNICE recommends a step-by-step approach, matched to how severe your symptoms are.Treatment for anxiety and depression depends on your symptoms and what you prefer. Most people are treated by their GP, and some are referred for specialist support. If one treatment doesn’t help, there are always other options to try.OptionWhat it involvesUsually forActive monitoringInformation about your condition and regular check-ins with your GPMild symptoms that may improve on their ownGuided self-helpCBT-based books or online programmes, supported by a practitioner, over about 6 weeksMild to moderate anxiety or depressionGroup coursesPsychoeducation or group exercise sessions led by trained staffMild to moderate symptomsTalking therapiesCBT, applied relaxation (anxiety), behavioural activation or counselling (depression) — usually 12 to 16 sessionsModerate symptoms, or if self-help hasn’t workedMedicationUsually an SSRI antidepressant, sometimes combined with therapyModerate to severe symptoms, or by preferenceSpecialist referralAssessment by mental health servicesSevere or complex symptoms, or high risk of self-harmIf you have both anxiety and depression, your GP will usually treat whichever is affecting you most first. For complex cases, specialist mental health services can help.12–16therapy sessionsTalking therapies such as CBT usually take 12 to 16 weekly sessions. Ask us about local referral.Book an appointment →Call to discussTalking therapies explainedCBT — changing unhelpful thoughts and habitsApplied relaxation — for anxietyBehavioural activation — for depressionCounselling — talking things throughGroup courses — learn alongside othersMedicationAntidepressants: What You Need to KnowAntidepressants such as SSRIs are used for both anxiety and depression.Medication isn’t right for everyone, but it can be very effective. Your GP will talk through the benefits, side effects and how long you might take it, so you can decide together.SSRIs, such as sertraline, are usually tried first for anxiety and depressionThey take time: some benefit may show within 1 to 2 weeks, and most people notice more improvement over 4 to 6 weeksEarly side effects can include feeling more anxious, agitated or having trouble sleeping — these usually settleIf you are under 30, your GP should review you within 1 week of startingKeep taking them as prescribed, usually for at least 6 months to a year after you feel better, to reduce the risk of relapseDon’t stop suddenly — your GP will help you reduce the dose graduallyBenzodiazepines (like diazepam) are not recommended for long-term anxiety treatmentTell your GP about any thoughts of self-harm, especially when starting or changing medication6 wksto full effectMost people need several weeks to feel the full benefit. We’ll review you regularly.Book an appointment →Call to discussQuestions to ask your GPWhich medicine is best for me?What side effects might I get?How long will I need to take it?Can I combine it with therapy?How do I stop safely later?Your questionsAnxiety and Depression FAQsCommon questions about getting help with anxiety and depression.Click a question to see the answer. If your question isn’t here, call us or book a confidential GP appointment.Understanding anxiety and depressionHow do I know if I have anxiety or depression?Anxiety mainly involves worry and fear that is hard to control, while depression mainly involves low mood and losing interest in things. Many people have symptoms of both. A GP can assess your symptoms using short questionnaires (GAD-7 and PHQ-9) and help you understand what’s going on.Can you have anxiety and depression at the same time?Yes — it’s very common. When both are present, your GP will usually treat the one that’s affecting you most first, and many treatments, such as CBT and SSRIs, help both.Can anxiety cause physical symptoms?Yes. Anxiety can cause muscle tension, headaches, a racing heart, sweating, stomach upset, tiredness and poor sleep. Your GP may suggest tests to rule out physical causes such as thyroid problems.Will anxiety and depression go away on their own?Mild symptoms sometimes improve with time and self-help, but anxiety and depression often last longer or come back without treatment. Getting help early usually means a faster recovery.Getting help from OUR GPCan a GP help with anxiety and depression?Yes. A GP can assess your symptoms, check for physical causes, discuss self-help, refer you for talking therapies and, if appropriate, prescribe medication. Book a GP consultation — same-day appointments are often available.How long do antidepressants take to work?Some people notice a difference within 1 to 2 weeks, but it usually takes 4 to 6 weeks to feel the full effect. Your GP will review you regularly, and sooner if you are under 30.Can I refer myself for therapy in Scotland?Yes. If you are 16 or over, you can call Living Life on 0800 328 9655 (Monday to Friday, 9am to 9pm) for free phone-based CBT support. A GP can also refer you to local services.What should I do if I feel suicidal?Get help straight away. Call 999 if you are in immediate danger, call NHS 24 on 111 (mental health option) any time, or call Samaritans free on 116 123. You can also text SHOUT to 85258.This page gives general information about anxiety and depression in adults and is not a substitute for individual medical advice. Sources: NICE CKS: Generalized anxiety disorder, NICE CKS: Depression, BMJ Best Practice: Depression in adults and NHS Inform. Last reviewed October 2026.GPsupportConfidential support from our GPs in Dundee, often on the same day.Book an appointment →Call to discussWe can help withAssessing anxiety and depressionPhysical health checks and blood testsTalking therapy referralsStarting and reviewing medicationSick notes if you need time offYou don’t have to face it aloneBook a confidential GP appointment at OUR GP to talk about anxiety or depression and agree a plan that works for you. Book an appointment WhatsApp us +44 7857 761328